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Electroencephalography (EEG) sensor nodes
These small sensor nodes are made of electrically conductive nanocomposite consisting of microstructures at their surface allowing the adhesion of the sensors to scalps that are heavily covered by hairs unlike other available EEG sensors. These visually imperceptible sensor nodes can be easily attached and detached to and from the scalp and be used for non-intrusive brain electrical wave recording (EEG) during daily activities.
Graphene electronic tattoo (GET)Sensors
GET is an ultra thin and ultra soft electronics made of a single to few layers of carbon atoms, know as graphene. The GET overall thickness is less than 500 nm. This electronic tattoo sensors are fabricated using a time and cost effective method, and it can be transferred on the skin just like as temporary tattoo. The video shows the chemical free lamination of GET on the skin, just by applying water on the backside of tattoo paper.
We demonstrated the application of the GET for recording electrophysiological signals such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), Electromyography (EMG), electrooculography (EOG), sensing skin temperature and hydration level, human machine interface and internet of things (IoTs).
Deformation of Graphene Electronic Tattoo (GET) sensors on skin
Due to ultra-thinness and ultra-softness of the GET, It forms conformal contact to the microscopic features of skin. There is no need of adhesive or tape to keep the GET on skin. The main mechanism of adhesion of GET is van der Waals force.
The video shows the deformation of GET on skin. GET stays attached to the skin even during large skin deformations.
Application of Graphene Electronic Tattoo (GET) in Internet of things
Video shows the demonstration of GET application in IoTs. The electrical signals from heart (electrocardiography) are recorded using GET and sent wirelessly to a tablet. These recorded signals then can be sent to a medical center through internet, if it is required. GET is not susceptible to motions as it form conformal contact to skin and does not move with respect to skin.
GET & Human-machine interfaces
Video shows the demonstration of GET application in human-machine interfaces. GET sensors laminated on the skin around eyes capture the electrical potentials of retina and cornea during eye movements. The recorded signals from eyes (electrooculography) is then used to control the movements of a quadcopter in real time.
Video shows that when the subject looks upward quadcopter move up, when he looks downward quadcopter move down and similarly it moves to the right and left with looking towards the corresponding directions.
three dimensional graphene as a scaffold for growth of HL-1 cell line
HL-1 cells, are derived from mouse atrial tumor. These cells are contractile after they form a confluent layer. Our study shows that 3D graphene can be used as a scaffold for growth and real-time electrical recording of HL-1 cell line contractions. Video shows the beating of HL-1 cells grown on 3D graphene.
In the presence of non-uniform AC electric field , dielectric particles experience either attraction or repulsion force toward or from the maxima of electric field. Dielectric force depends on electric field strength, particle radius, the dielectric constant of particle and the dielectric constant of background media.
Photos shows microwell arrays with the different percentages of wells filled with cells. The bottom right photo shows the wells after cells lysis by applying DC field.